Concurrent with globalisation and technological change, there have been radical changes in the way organisations operate and manage themselves and in their relationships to their workers.

Some of the key changes have been:

• Organisations have become more international, with bases and functions across the world.
• Organisations change more rapidly.
• Management structures have become flatter with fewer middle-managers.
• Organisations have contracted out services other than their core business.
• Greater use has been made of temporary workers, sub contractors, consultants and the self-employed to provide flexible labour.
  
• Employees have become expected to have a greater range of skills and to take responsibility for managing their own work.

• Expectations of loyalty have decreased both on the part of employer and employee - the 'job for life' has gone for most of us.
• A culture of continuous improvement has been brought into most organisations, with some element of rewards tied to performance.

 

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